hello students this onsen here and welcome to the sixth episode on how to rate high school lab reports today we’re taking a look at how to rate the observation section so the first thing you need to know is the difference between an observation and an inference obviously observations go in the observation section inferences they do not go in observation sections of a lab report so what is the difference between these two observations have to do with how you sense things so smell touch sight taste and sounds obviously and maybe a chemistry lab you don’t want to be tasting the chemicals you don’t want to touch them unless your teacher tells you to and you want to use the proper technique for smelling them but anything based on information from your five senses is an observation an inference is an explanation or interpretation based on those observations in an observation section all we write is the stuff that we know based on our five senses we do not make any sort of assumptions based on that information so let’s do a little activity to just cement that idea here I have a picture or part of a picture I want you to make three observations and one inference about this picture so pause the video write these down three observations and one inference all right so here’s the next part of the picture again pause the video write down three observations and one inference based on this new data and then here we have the final piece again pause the video three observations and one inference write these down so as you notice as you went through this activity your inference what you think happens probably change your observations do not change what you saw is always true you maybe saw more information along the way but the information your observations from the very first piece didn’t change once you saw the third piece they were still there however your inferences what you think is happening probably did change as he went through that’s one of the reasons we don’t include them in an observation section observation section is just for stuff that you know is happening now let’s take a look at the difference between qualitative observations and quantitative observations qualitative observations or observations made only using those five senses quantitative observations also use some sort of tools like ruler scales graduated cylinders those types of things now where do we put our observations in the observation section well there are two places either in a chart or in paragraph form or point form depending on what’s more appropriate at that point so charts all quantitative data goes in a chart it must go in a chart it doesn’t belong anywhere else also in our charts we can put qualitative data that shows how the variables are being compared or how they’re being measured so sometimes the qualitative data is what we’re primarily examining in our in our lab report so that will also go in a chart paragraph form or point form will be any additional details that you notice so it could be point 4 if they’re small little things or if they’re major catastrophes that happened during your lab report you might want to write paragraphs about that so these are just additional pieces of information they’re not the primary thing that you’re looking for in the lab now a major point here graphs are used to analyze information therefore they go in the analysis section not in the observation section observations have paragraphs and they have charts or data tables but no graphs so let’s take a look at how we actually or how we actually make our data tables first thing the independent variable goes in the first column if you don’t remember what the independent variable is go back to the video on how to write titles there there’s a good overview of the independent variable and dependent variable so independent variable goes in the first column and you use a logical sequence in order to put your data so instead of starting off at 0 I don’t notice this temperature so 0 degrees then going to 20 and then going down to 5 and then going to 50 it doesn’t really make sense so you got to put them in a logical order next thing the dependent variables go in the columns to the right of that and if there’s only one dependent variable you would just have the one column if there are multiple dependent variables they each get their own column now you’ll notice there are units in the column headings so temperature and then in brackets it says degrees Celsius the height in brackets that says centimeters so instead of writing the unit’s in each of the little blocks all the way down you put it in the title and then below that you just need to put numbers now let’s take a look at the title you need to first of all number the data table so that you can refer to it later in your analysis you can just say data table number three and then you need a descriptive title so what does that look like this is just an example format but something like the effect of and then you’d write the independent variable on you write the dependent variable under and then you would have certain conditions so in this example the effect of temperature on the growth of spider plants over the course of eight months so that gives plenty of information about what’s actually happening in that data table all right that’s all for now for observations see you later bye bye

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hello everybody and welcome to the performing in Section two of game SATs webinar this evening we’ll be talking about your approach this section to sort a little bit about the rationale and how to prepare for it and of course you have to improve your score in that section the things that we’ll cover tonight include the rationale for section two very briefly at some information about section two that you that you definitely need to know also some of the the content that you need to prepare for in terms of section two so we’ll go through a little bit of a list of the topics that are going to be important for you two to know a little bit about it to prepare for you exam and then we’ll actually talk about the mechanics of how to prepare for for section two of the exam and then talk a little bit about how mitzi Institute might be able to help you with your preparation and then do a traditional question and answer session at the end so if you’ve got any questions that you’d like to have answered feel free to type them into the question box before you forget them or you can save them to the end if you’ve got a good memory so why is there a section to of gaps at it’s a section that’s very different to the other two in that you’re presented with a blank page and you’re asked to respond to some stimuli are some quotes that you’ve never seen before and if you look in the isogai for for game set they tell you that they’re looking to assess a couple of different competencies but fundamentally it’s about your ability to communicate and they want you to be able to demonstrate your ability to communicate on the fly so basically ideally what they would do is is interview everybody and assess their their responses to various questions that they ask that they know that you you’re not going to have prepared for that’s basically what the essay section is with just a much more economical version of that they can’t afford to interview ten thousand people of course the schools do their own interviews later on but there are there are many many schools or there is about ten schools that end up maybe interviewing about a thousand people or maybe a little bit more than that to be probably 2,000 people for their positions that they’re offering in in medicine but I so can’t really do that and even an interview you can say is it’s not the best way really what they would like to see from you is just watching you in your everyday environment and how you interact with different people because if you look at section two they’re asking you to to be able to communicate and to be able to communicate about all these different issues that are present in society and some of them are quite complex and what they’re really looking for at the end of the day is people that can interact with their patients effectively and also other people in their professions such as allied health or or other doctors it’s really really important to be able to communicate to patients on topics or issues that sometimes can be sometimes they can be you know quite underpinned by by conflict or or differing opinion and you’ve got to remain objective and while you may have your own beliefs about things you need to be able to recognize the beliefs of other people and and then be able to respond to them effectively and be able to develop a style of managing those those kinds of people and so the first step there is to be able to recognize their motivations for thinking the way that they do and then to be able to to be able to as I said before formulate a response to that that’s effectively what they’re looking for in in Section two so the rationale for section two in terms of the the criteria that they assess you upon that involves your your thought in content so what you say and then your organization and expression which is how you say it so each of those is broken down into two further things that the markers are looking for and and this is quite subjective in terms of you know marking criteria and we don’t really know what what objective criteria they use if any to actually mark you for your essays this is the best that we have available I would be looking for is for you to take the topic or the quotes that you give them and develop a written piece and that is that enables you to be able to communicate your thoughts and feelings and and higher the sophistication of of the piece in terms of what you talked about in general so how you frame the topic and how you ground the topic and then of course what arguments and what evidence you use to support your arguments and your overall thesis in your essay all of that is is contained underneath thought and content the quality of always said your your organization is also very very important so the structure of the piece and also the language that you use and in how professional you come across in terms of you know reinforcing the points or describing and elaborating on the on the ideas that you present in the first criterion so the first criterion is probably more important than a second the second is is important that in that it allows you to facilitate the first and it’s not really any more important than that you know they’re not looking for you to be a grammar expert or you know to spell every word absolutely correctly those small things are not a huge deal but if they’re there’s many of those mistakes and your structure is such that it impedes your ability to get your ideas across then you know you will lose marks in that second section so ideas and content and how you think about the topic and how you frame your your essay around the topic are the most important things in terms of school and well in the exam so for those of you who haven’t sat the exam we don’t know a whole lot about the exam they’re two essays that you need to complete in 60 minutes and you have five minutes reading time to peruse the quotes in that reading time you really should be using that to start to build the structure of your essay in your mind and plug your ideas into a pro form or a template that you’ve you know you’ve been working on prior to the exam the first task called task a deals with socio-cultural issues while the second deals is more personal and it says also here social issues so you know there’s a lot of overlap between task and task B and it’s not always the case that there’s a very clear-cut differentiation between the two and we’ll talk about what that means for how you respond to each of the sections or each of the tasks a little bit later but to do well fun you need to respond to the quote with a relevant argument or discussion and in number two you need to use appropriate arguments and evidence in that discussion both of those both of one and two there support the first criterion that we’ve already talked about tonight three and four demonstrating a clear and logical structure and using appropriate professional language both of those relate to the second criterion that we talked about before so know the the description of the criterion that AC gives you is quite generic and I think the way that they’re written there is probably more practical for you in terms of how you should approach the section and those are the four things that you should be aiming to tick off especially the first two that’s where the majority of your work will go in your preparation in this section so before the actual exam what is it what does that mean what does all that stuff means actually do prepare and what should you know for section one of the exam you know you go into that section without having to do a whole lot of learning in terms of preparation it’s just about your ability to to respond to the different types of questions and having a particular approach to the questions whereas in section 3 you know there are long list of concepts and topics that you need to be familiar with and understand to be able to answer the questions task 1 section 2 I should say and a lot of people approach section 2 similarly to how they would approach section 1 but there if you if you comprehensively cover the topics that you can see on this screen you can actually treat more like section 3 and make this section a lot easier than it otherwise would be so these are the topics that we recommend students become familiar with in cover if you’re able to cover these topics then you will you’ll do very well now ideally you have written an essay on all of these topics and hopefully a time there so that gets assessed and marked and that will although sit you up quite well for your exam but even even if you’re not able to do that that’s fine what you should ideally be doing is at least writing or first of all researching reviewing all of these topics and having a think about quotes that you might see and also how you may argue for and against those quotes and then you should be writing up an essay plan at least which is a truncated version of a final essay and you should have at least a plan or complete essay written for all of these topics and and then you know you can review those those essays and those essay plans prior to your exam now of course you can get things that are slightly tangential topic slightly tangential to the topics that are listed here but that’s okay because if you cover these topics you will you’ll have enough knowledge in the bank to be able to answer whatever particular topic that they they may throw at you because as you can already see from this list of topics there’s a lot of overlap between them and you know any potential topic they’ll show you on the day will also overlap significantly with it with the topics that you see here so as I said before was a limited number of topics really that you need to know it is still expensive but at least you can say that there that there is as a you know a finite list that that if you’re aware of you do quite well on the exam and that’s really what you’re looking for when you’re comparing for for this section of course section 3 is similar if you have knowledge of these topics then you do quite well and and the only other thing that you need to think of on top of that is designing your your essay pro form or your template or your structure or however you like to refer to it and that’s what what you’re plugging in those ideas or that knowledge that you have you’re plugging that into that template on the day you can think of the two things as being very separate and both being both correlating with the two criteria that we looked at at the start the first one being the ideas and the knowledge that you present and the second one being the way that you present that so the first criterion is going to be covered by your knowledge of those topics and your ability to be able to apply that knowledge to the quote and then of course your your structure is going to be related to the second criteria so the performer that you come up with is going to be related to that second criteria Isis says marks down pre-prepared essays so you know it’s quite difficult to to sort of consider how they would actually know that you had prepared an essay but even then your aim isn’t to prepare an essay word-for-word your aim is to have knowledge of these topics so that you can then apply that knowledge in the exam and if you’ve reviewed all of those topics that have written an essay own essay plan for all of those topics that we’ve talked about you’re going to be able to to write an essay on the day that is quite original and then that that conforms with the template that you’ve built and and you know you have a lot of different ideas and a lot of different evidence that you can plug into your into your essay based on whatever the court stimulates in your mind and that’s the aim of preparing the aim of preparing essays for section 2 isn’t about you know preparing these essays that you’re going to take in the exam with you and read work forward because that’s a lot more difficult than actually doing what we’re just talking about which is just going in with the template that that’s consistent and you can use and apply to any type of topic that you see and then having knowledge of all of these different different topics so how do you how do you study what’s the actual practical approach to section 2 you first of all need to just understand the basic rationale for the section we’ve already talked about that and then from there start to build your knowledge of the topics that we’ve already talked about and then build your essay structure which we loosely referred to as a template so some people like to have a very very rigid template which means they plan out every every sentence of their essay and they know exactly where they’re going as they as they move from sentence to sentence and you know that works for some people and that’s great other people don’t like that sort of rigidity and feel a little bit locked in and so they have a more general perform or a template that they use and they can adapt the only way that you can work out what’s for you and in which way you would like to do this is by continually performing practice essays and I’m doing that under time then on time conditions if you do this you’ll work out what works for you in terms of your structure and your ability to be able to apply it under time pressure and and of course outside of those practice exams you then go and refine your template and slowly improve it so that there isn’t really much that you need to do in terms of refining it prior to your actual exam you should be working through what we call passive and active learning tasks and those are things that we’ve talked about in in previous sessions sort of in reference to these active and passive learning tasks passive learning tasks are the things that you sort of kick back with so reading text you know listening to lectures and things like that and reading through modules all of those sorts of things are passive learning tasks and if you look at the bottom of the figure there you’ll see that they’re quite low yield in terms of what you were will the greatest and most active form of learning that you can participate in is getting something wrong if you get something wrong you really forget it because it leaves some sort of brand or scar if you like on your ego and those are the things that we tend to remember best so participating in writing essays practice essays even when you know you know that you’re not at your optimum you haven’t learnt enough about the theory or you haven’t done enough practice under non-time conditions doing those practice essay is under examination conditions from the very very beginning when you know you’re not at your optimum will give you the greatest learning experience in the greatest yield and will significantly expedite your your performance you know improving your score and that’s the best way to approach section 2 is just to do practice essays under time conditions from the beginning even though you know that there are other things that you like to learn and further refinements that you’d like to make etcetera to improve your performance but don’t don’t let the the need to make those improvements get in the way of actually participating in some of these active learning tasks so doing the actual you know writing the task under exam conditions and getting someone to the critique your essays is a very very important aspect of this section because you can critique yourself in such an one and Section three and we tend to be softer on ourselves when it comes to real self critique but you do need objective critique in this regard and that doesn’t have to be you know played essay correction service it just needs to be someone that knows what they’re doing you know perhaps a learned colleague or someone in the family or a close friend who can read your essays and give you feedback and ask you questions about about you know some of your arguments and some of your your evidence bases you’re able to do that then and do that from very early on you do quite well in this section while you’re doing these things obviously while you’re doing practice exams you’re continually building your knowledge of the topics and also refining that template that you’re going to take into the exam based on the feedback that you get so in terms of building your knowledge building knowledge of the topics there are a few different sources you can go to — to assist you with that one of them is editorial as newspaper editorials and specifically those that you find in broadsheet or more sophisticated news publications these these editorials that you typically find sort of in the middle of the newspaper will now be to develop a greater understanding of the issues that are very important in society on those that are most prevalent and if you’re reading about them and their and their current issues your less likely to actually forget those when you want to use them in your essay the editorials also written by hopefully by a diverse group of people which who are going to demonstrate diverse views on these social issues and that’s what you’re looking for in your in your exam you want to be able to talk about these these issues or you know these are these topics from different perspectives and you also want to be able to ground the particular issue that you’re talking about you want to be able to to take a concept such as equality and not talk about it in general but to ground it in specific instances where equality is either met or not met within society and talk about it from there because that way you’ll actually be able to to provide your essay marker with concrete arguments and also a little bit more an objective view of the topic and therefore demonstrate your understanding of the topic and the other benefit that exposure to these editorials will give you is is some some experience with language and professional stars of writing that you may otherwise not have had in the past so we’re reading through the editorials that that’s journalists or other writers create you’ll be able to look at some of the language that they use and also how they structure their paragraphs and things like that and take that and use that in your own essay writing the other source that will be important for you will be other publications so too the books those by AC grayling in Alain de Botton vary commonly used by students to prepare for gam so there’s a good reason for that are they’re both excellent writers which would assist you based on the things that we’ve talked about in previous live but they may address topics that are relevant to game set and they just they do so in a style that it’s very similar to game so especially a see grayling so if you want to have a look at you know those books and have a read through those they’ll give you some insight into the topics that you saw today or tonight on the on the slide that we one of the slides will be started with and they’ll also give you some perspectives that you may not have considered and give you some contexts in which those topics apply that you won’t have you won’t have considered so they’re very good resource from that perspective and the arguments and evidence that they use is often quite interesting in your you will remember and hopefully included in some of your own assess one of the to fill gaps in your in your knowledge and to also develop more specific arguments that relate to the essays that you’ve really written and that you want to refine you’re going to need to complete your own research on those particular topics you should start by searching for quotes that relate to the topics and having a think about those quotes and the the way that they are looking at the topic or the way that they could taking their the particular topic and then from there you want to try to create some arguments that either support or conflict with that particular quote because that’s exactly what you’d be doing in your exam and what you’ll find is most of the time you’re just looking at a particular topic and I’m thinking about where is this topic or when is this topic a good thing or a virtue and when is this topic about a thing or a vice that’s pretty much what you what you want to be thinking in your mind and then researching evidence to support one side of the argument and then the other and then recording the arguments and evidence for later review and you can record the evidence and arguments in the form of an essay plan as we as we talked about before we’ll talk a little bit more about structure shortly so what evidence will you use or might you use in your exam very seldomly are you going to have objective evidence so when we use the term evidence to support your arguments we’re actually probably talking more so about two three and four on this page rather than one because unless you know you’ve been lucky enough to read something and remember it all around you’re an expert in the field it’s quite unlikely that you’re going to have you know immediate access in your mind to statistic studies and facts that sound that are gonna relate to the actual topic that you’re talking about and yet and the argument that you’ve created most of the time what you’re going to be doing is making some references to particular books or published articles or anything of that nature that can be verifiable and that can include a particular theories which were discussed in you know any of those publications or ideas and then from there you know you’re gonna be talking about events and people and in particular particularly things that have happened in history and also in people’s biographical history and you can use that to support your argument again those things are verifiable and considered you know when they’re considered common knowledge they enable you to be able to elicit your point because the person that’s reading your essay is likely to understand the significance of those you know those particular events or the events in the in the lives of people theoretical examples are are also able to be used as evidence in your in your essays especially in the task be essays which tend to be more personal reflective topics and they often underused and if you can think about you know particularly logical thought experiments or things of that nature to be able to support the argument that you’re making then then you can include those and you should include those if you can’t really think about about anything else to support the argument that you’re making finally personal examples can be used but you need to be quite careful with those you need to be objective when you apply them and and most of all they need to be relevant if they’re not relevant and you know there’s really no credit to be given to the writer that includes personal examples because we can all include personal examples in an essay and the key there will between sure that they are relevant and support your argument and and that they are objective and you know not just I just considered based on your own personal views or anything like that so of course you’re trying to you try to you try to create an argument here and support that argument you can’t just use something that that only you know about basically in writing your essay as a number of approaches that can be taken and there are students that score well using all sorts of different approaches in terms of how they structure things but what we like to advocate is the the expository essay and the reason that we like to advocate the expository essay I should explain what it is first it’s a it’s a dialectical approach which means it’s basically like a debate and you know you introduce the topic and then you have arguments for arguments against and supporting evidence for both sides and then you come to a conclusion so no doubt you will have written expository essays in your previous education whether it be in high school or in your own your tertiary studies but fundamentally the reasons that we advocated for that and that that structure is its first of all the proven performance in both task and task B so you only need to study one particular structure and once you get it right it applies to both and you can use it for both it’s very easy to control once you’ve practiced it and you can apply it to a lots of different topics and in any topic to be honest and it allows you to write an objective essay for both task a and task B every time and any any structure really gives you consistency in your response structure but I guess expository essay again allows you to write the same way every time for task and task B in in the game set and thinking about both sides of an argument or both sides of an issue is something that we think is quite important for for the for the games that given the rationale for having section two they really want you as a future doctor to be able to think about issues from multiple perspectives because you’re going to be seeing patients that what you know some of them will share your your ideas and your values and others will share the opposite you’re going to be in dealing with the with the antithesis of your own beliefs in society needing to be able to work with those people just as closely as you would with the people that turn that agree with you so you need to demonstrate breadth of thinking and I think that that’s important and then finally this structure is is a commonly used structure in in educational systems and so it’s very much an easier way for the SI market to read your essay and then to also score it the general structure of an expository essay is as we said before like a debate you need to first establish the context of the argument and then from there you need to lay out the other two sides of the argument and then reach some sort of conclusion so you can think of it as having a beginning in the middle and an end the beginning is the introduction the middle is the fighting if you like or the the conflict and then the end is the synthesis and we’ll talk about each of these sections individually the first section is the introduction and in the introduction you’re being quite objective so you’re not really talking or making any arguments at that point you’re just establishing the battleground if you like and and so in that case you need to include the quote that you’re using or the quotes but most of the time it is going to be responding to one quote if you’re using two points then hopefully one of them will be related to your thesis aim and the other to your antithesis argument which we’ll talk about shortly and that way they fit into the essay nicely outside of that very very seldomly would you look at using any more than two quotes actually may include a further quote in the synthesis but you need to be quite crafty if you’re doing that most of the time you know you keep it to one or two quotes if they’re diametrically opposed from there you want to define the key terms or the topic and establish what the essay will actually be about that’s very very important because your definition is going to serve as the scope of the argument and is going to be is going to be I guess a fixed point or a line in the sand at which the terms have been defined and and though that sort of sounds a little bit theoretical it’s important to define the terms because if you’re writing an essay let’s say for instance about imagination or you’re writing an essay about courage or something like that you need to provide a clear definition of of what that means and then of course you can either use that term in your you will need to use that term in both your thesis and antithesis and if you change the definition for one argument compared to another you actually be changing the the goalposts if you like and the reader will definitely pick up on that and you know the people that are that are doing that will score what’s called less than they otherwise would so you need to be clear in what your definition of the term is at the very beginning of of your essay in the introduction and in terms of what you write about it there’s nothing wrong with actually taking topic and grounding giving something that’s a little bit more specific because you’ve only got half an hour and most likely you’re just going to write about a page and a half and if you’re able just to focus your attention on one particular context of the topic say for instance if you’re writing about the topic use equality and then you might choose to write simply about gay marriage and you know instances like that makes for quite good essays and they’re actually a lot easier to write rather than writing generally about the concept of equality which is impossible to do really in in 30 minutes and and also in a page and a half you know gonna be quite difficult for you to cover that sort of ground in the introduction you also need to introduce the two sides of the argument and then from there discuss what positioned you as the writer will will take before you move to the thesis so your thesis program is actually going to be supporting your thesis statement which should be in your introduction and as often the last sentence of your introduction you know you’ll be saying you know you might say something if we’re talking about equality that equality is the is the basis of our freedom and society or something like that and then of course your your thesis argument your thesis paragraph will have a key argument and evidence supporting that that particular thesis statement so you want to keep this thesis then in quite general there’s a thesis argument which is the basis of your thesis paragraph is what is going to to actually support that and you can get a little bit more specific once you get into your thesis kind of wrap itself within your thesis paragraph and as we said before it must support your thesis statement that you’ve provided me in the introduction and then you need to you need to begin by introducing your key argument that supports that thesis statement so in the context of we’re talking about gay marriage then you can talk about or you can detail quickly the merits of or an importance of equality in that sense and and then of course you’ve gone to elaborate on that a little bit more and then you’d provide some evidence that supports your argument so you know you may have made an argument such as and the other merits and the the importance of gay marriage and then your your evidence that you used to support that argument may be something along the lines of of the the condition or the mental health or the societal implications of of people not being allowed to exercise their freedoms in that sense and not being allowed the Equality of other people within society and then you know you may have read some some particular articles about that or you may refer to two previous instances where Society has actually imposed similar restrictions on people such as in instances of slavery or other racism etc so you can use things that are that are not necessarily directly specific to to the point you’re trying to make to be able to to evidence your argument you need to to elaborate on the evidence as well because the person that’s reading your essay might not necessarily see you understand how your evidence supports your argument though it may be very very clear to you so you there’s nothing wrong with stating the obvious in section through of your exam and don’t assume that people are going to be able to connect the dots and a lot of the time people struggle to actually put pen to paper because and they think are you know it’s very it’s it’s quite clear what I’m arguing it’s quite clear how the evidence supports that argument so I don’t really know what else to write but just state the obvious and when you when you when you when you’re struggling to put pen to paper and that will help the person that’s reading your essay and keep in mind the person reading your essay is really not going to be spending a whole lot of time reading through it they’re not gonna read over it two or three times what they’re going to do is start reading it and quickly read through it as faster pace as possible and if they keep getting stuff for having to go back it’s going to detract from your mark so you want to make things very very clear and that’s women that they’ll probably spend reading your essay is only going to be a few minutes and they’ll form a and evaluation of your ability to communicate and your ability to generate ideas they’ll form that very very quickly often in the first paragraph or two and so it’s very important that you get off to a nice clear start and you you elaborate on those ideas and make things clear and you are marked by three people in total but again they’re all going to be following that similar sort of process in terms of marking each of your along the similar lines in terms of being clear each of your paragraphs we’ve finished with a summary in this case I you know it just has to be a sentence or two in this case your summary you should explain how your evidence supports your argument which supports your thesis so there’s a hierarchy there your evidence supports your argument in your thesis argument support your thesis statement which was in the introductory paragraph the antithesis is it’s basically the the paragraph that your detractors would write so if you’re in a debate and there’ll be an opposition team and this is the paragraph that they would write but instead you’re you’re having to write it here and it doesn’t mean that you’re adopting the ideas and that’s that you that you write about as you’re and you’re actually just describing how others would would see this and and what the other prevailing views are out there in in society it’s important that that you do this because everything all the topics that they give you in in the GAM set will be issues which have different points of view and you’ll see that in the quotes so that we you know different people arguing from different perspectives and so if you just approach the exam by looking at one side of the argument you’re not going to be able to demonstrate your ability to consider the issues from from multiple perspectives and we talked about why that’s important in terms of your future career in medicine so without this paragraph as it says there’s no real objective discussion about the topic and your thesis is all they have to pass easily without scrutiny and it’s important that you’re able to scrutinize your own view on the topic and and of course it doesn’t mean that you’re being ambivalent now what it means is you’re you’re able to look at the the opposition arguments and then when you move into your synthesis are you were able to still talk about why your position your thesis is is able to prevail and we’ll talk about that with you or synthesis you want to first of all re-examine your what you really want to do overall in this section is to look at your thesis in reflection of both thesis argument and the antithesis argument if you’re able to do that and maintain maintain the credibility of your thesis statement then your score well in this section of the exam fundamentally though what that relies upon is your knowledge logic in relation to the topic so your your knowledge and your pre reading of the topic will inform your ability to overcome the antithesis your your knowledge and your pre reading will actually also facilitate your ability to write an antithesis and that’s why we want you to look at those things like the editorials but fundamentally you want to have chosen a very strong position for your thesis it doesn’t matter if your antithesis is quite strong it’s in fact a good thing your ability to then to then break down the the antithesis and or further support your thesis in light of their antithesis is where you’ll score your marks so this paragraph is simply not just a summary of what you’ve already talked about it’s actually resolving the conflict and and trying to demonstrate why your thesis is still superior and you may lose a little bit of ground here and that’s fine because all of these issues are not black-and-white issues but what you want to do is to be able to talk about why your thesis is still and still a stronger argument than the antithesis to score well you will have to have written many many essays under time pressure we’ve talked about the the importance of that in terms of active learning it’s very very difficult to write an essay or two essays in an hour that are of a high standard and an easy for the market to read if you haven’t practiced and the people that have practiced will you know they’re there their skills will be be very very clear to the markers on the day and those that haven’t done much practice will you know the essays are and it’s quite clear and reflective of that so don’t neglect your practice and when you do practice you need to not just you know do the essays and then forget about them you need to assess them or have them assessed reflect on your performance and then of course refine your essay and and that refining involves improving your knowledge researching your knowledge of the topics and filling gaps and strengthening your arguments and your evidence that you used to support your thesis and also the antithesis and also practicing how you approach the the synthesis which can be a quite difficult section of the of the essay from there you want to to revise your essays and and revise the structure of the template that you use to write to write your essays and so that process of sitting and practice the exam going over the practice exam while having it marked reviewing the feedback and then refining your knowledge and refining a template is something that goes on a cyclical manner and something that should be started as early as possible and and if you’re doing it over a long period of time you’ll be able to improve significantly and and though you know you don’t have to improve your ability to write so much it’s just your ability to be able to respond and to the the particular style of assessments in section 2 of Gamson common mistakes that we see in in preparing for section two are not preparing for section two and in writing the essays and students that that look at you know just do a lot of passive learning such as reading about topics and and not necessarily attempting to apply their knowledge so there’s a number of active learning tasks that you can participate in in addition to just writing the essays under under essay conditions under 18 under time conditions one of them is to write essays under non current conditions and that’s a very good way of practicing your skills and working out ideally how you would approach something or particular topic from there the other things that you can do a write essay plans and you can write them under time conditions or under non time conditions and you certainly should be doing this and that is basically a truncated version of the essays sheet so you should be writing about the four or five points that you need to include in your introduction and then for your thesis for instance when you’re planning it you should be writing what the thesis argument is and the evidence that you really use to support that argument and the same for the antithesis and then a quick sentence about how you would synthesize that particular essay let’s say you write an essay plan so doing those sorts of those sorts of talks as well as looking at random selections of quotes you go online to the quote websites and type in the topic the first five quotes that you see you should be able to look at those and then start to ever think about which ones you would choose for your essay whether it just be one or two of them and then planning an essay based on that that’s an active learning task and you should be doing that if you’re not able to write a lot of practice essays convincing too late is it is a common mistake as well also students often focus on science and don’t start doing practice essays until well into next year if you’re preparing for March or you know well into well into the month or two before the actual exam and these these skills take a long time to build or a relatively long time to build you know you should be giving yourself a few months to at least two to build these skills in essay writing so they you know you it’s not like you write an essay get it mark and then revise your your skills and then write another essay and see a significant amount improvement sometimes that will happen but most of the time you just a mean slow improvement and you may not improve over a number of this they task because that but that’s okay because you’re learning along the way and you’re gaining vital knowledge of the of the topics themselves assuming you don’t have to prepare for section two is obviously a big mistake and we don’t really need talk about that about having a poor understanding of the essay topics or a very very basic understanding of the essay topics is what often prevents people from actually writing in the exam and and prevents them from actually producing a memorable piece in the exam so you do need to do research and and develop your knowledge of all of the essay tasks that or topics that that we saw before from there having a structure and practicing that structure practicing the implementation of the structure and then revising that structure based on the practicalities or impracticality that you find in relation to it when you when you go to sit the exam you need to do that the other way to perfect your structure is just to practice an under exam conditions and so while we said before you know it’s important through you know all you can do you can write essays under non-time conditions you still need to be constantly practicing under exam conditions because if you’re not doing that then you’re not actually preparing appropriately if you if you’re waiting until the week before the actual exam to write if there’s in 30 minutes not 35 minutes or 40 minutes then then you’ll struggle you want to finish your essay and you’ll your marks will reflect that so don’t say there’s no there’s no real point in in giving yourself 35 minutes to write an essay and you’re better off just writing essays under non time conditions and when you do use time conditions use the use the actual the actual time of the the examiners will give you and finally failing to assess or have your essays assessed is is something that often occurs with students and you know without that feedback you’re not able to work out what is the most important thing for you to improve in terms of both your knowledge and also the structure that you use for your lessons the mid scenes that you can help you in a number of ways one of the ways that they can help you is in terms of the theory and understanding about how to approach your essay you know we’ve covered the basics in this session but you know there’s a lot to talk about in terms of language structure and also detailed templates that can assist you in writing your essays in terms of assessments Medicine Institute offers you also some opportunities to have your essays marked by some experience gaps at si tutors who are usually to my knowledge usually involved in in areas such as tertiary teaching of English and literature and then also in in law and things like that so these guys are quite good it and writing feedback for us A’s and giving you pointers in terms of how you can improve of course there’s also other people that have that actually recently sat down and done quite well with it they can help you with giving you some feedback there’s also some other areas that the medicine agency can help you namely and more practical sort of sort of advice I guess with how to actually write your essays and some templates that are quite rigid terms of giving your sentence by sentence rundown of how you could approach your essay and some people need that some people don’t prefer to where to go it alone in terms of how they write and in fact writer you know very different essay every time and if you can do that then that’s fantastic and and also in provision of some example essays and we we have a course which is called essay masters masters I should say which is a collection of essays that students have scored very very high in in the exam have written all of the topics that you saw and the previous previous slides tonight and and you know all of those students have written those essays under exam conditions using a similar approach to what we’ve talked about tonight as well some of the essays have been some of the things have been cleaned up in them so they’re appropriate for all being published and shared but outside of that those essays are indicative of what you what you can achieve with with a good structure and also a good knowledge of topics if you’ve got any questions feel free to to top them in otherwise we’ll leave you to it for this evening and allow you to get back to your study or or whatever else you have planned and thanks very much for your time [Music] you’re more than welcome Rachel so there’s a question here are there any revision materials that that you recommend that are relatively cheap the the in terms of met see institute our revision materials i think your your best bet there is a campsite essentials course which is a $97 course that covers your approach to section 1 section 2 and section 3 and also gives you a good practice exam that covers a little bit more detail than we’ve talked about in terms of how to actually structure and approach your preparation of section 2 so you can look at that that’s art of that the resources that we’ve already discussed tonight I think in the in the presentation will assist you in in in improving your your section to score writing essays under exam conditions is by far the most high yield task that you can participate in and and so in that in that regard getting someone to look at your essays and to give you feedback on your essays and will you know if you can get them to do that for you for for nothing or maybe you know you’re you’re baking them a cake or something like that then then they might be able to do that for you and so you can sort of get away with doing things more economically so there’s a question here is our newspaper that you recommend over others for editorials and I would recommend in the Australian newspaper that’s that’s quite good in terms of the writing but but also the diversity of opinion so together writers from all different areas of society those that are not necessarily journalists and certainly not those aligned with the newspaper people from left-wing right-wing and all all sorts of other areas of society of writing so you can get you know this coverage of a lot of different issues and also good diversity in terms of the response to those issues Claudia’s asked will we be emailed a copy of the video recording so generally this is published on YouTube within the next couple of days so if but if you like then I’m sure that they can email you a copy of or you know you the link for the video and then you can have a look at that there is a further question here how long is the average length of each essay the average length of the essay in terms of words should be anywhere between sort of I think 500 words up to 700 if you able to get it that high if you’ve got a lot of knowledge about a topic and it comfortable with it you’ll be able to write 700 words but generally you know somewhere around the 500 mark is quite good and if you’re wondering how many words that is it’s generally one and a half to two pages are written by hand and so you should be hand writing your essays when you when you’re practicing you shouldn’t be typing them I don’t know that’s a little bit of a pain if you’re submitting them to get marked by someone online but again practicing according to the the essay conditions is very very important so do write your your essays by hand rather than time typing them up newspaper can accompany are the newspaper that that’s recommended again is the Australian newspaper that’s that’s probably the better one and then there are the broadsheet newspapers that you would have access to depending on what state you’re based in shouldn’t shouldn’t be tabloid newspapers the ones that talk about you know TV shows and things like that you know you’re more looking for the coverage of the major issues and if you’re looking for for more coverage and you don’t have the necessarily look at newspapers ABC news website is a fantastic resource as well tends to be you know more coverage of left-wing opinion but keeping that in mind as you work through the material you’ll still get good coverage of of all the different issues and and and as you’re reading about these issues you should be formulating in your own mind your own thoughts and feelings and if you’re getting a little bit fired up and you’d like to write your own response to the articles that people write then you’re on the right track because that’s what you should be doing when you’re really editorials any other questions okay yeah always if they’re not the questions your you’re welcome to send them through to the email that you can see listed there otherwise I’ll leave you to enjoy the rest of the rainy evening do you have any tips on covering so many topics in the short amount of time yeah you know if you look at there a number of days that you’ve got prior to your to your exam no I think what you what you’re ideally should be aiming to do is to write an essay each day if you can and and refining that I say the day after or the day after you get your feedback but you know you probably you may not have enough time to do that or you know you may not be prepared to do that and that’s fine but you can also do is write an essay plan which is basically a truncated version of your essay so your approach should be to look at the topic go to a quotations website type the topic into that and then from there look at look at the quotes and then just be able to a very very basic essay structure in terms of plan so it’s like a skeleton for writing that essay but if you’re doing too much of that you’re not going to be not gonna be practicing your structure out and and you know you’re going to struggle to actually perform on the day and write up an actual essay so you need to still be riding practice essays and I would say to you that hopefully you’ll be able to write a few breaths essays a week at a minimum and perhaps one every every couple of days if you can’t do one every day the other thing you can do is also take a look at that the the you know previous essays that people written like in essay masters etc and you’ll do well if you’re able to replicate those essays the further question here what types of quotes do you mean or quotation websites so if you have a topic say for instance like courage just go to google and type in courage quotes and one of the one of the first options that comes up will be a quotations based website or they just list the lots of lots of different quotes and have a look at the first five quotes that are listed under the topic of courage and use that as a basis of your practice essay you’re more than welcome the question here at midsi Institute do you assist with the other sections as well yes we do we assist with all sections of the exams so if you wanted to head over to the website you see there’s a number of courses and they’re running at the moment the live attendance courses etc and also a number of packages and programs that that’s a poor viewing in terms of your preparation for all the sections of the exam thanks everybody and all the all the very best with your around with your preparation

How to write critically — critical analysis

hello again now in today’s video what I’m going to talk about a little bit is how to write critically so when you’re in degree program you’re required to write critically particularly as you get to the final year of the degree and I find that students often find this just a little bit confusing so what does it mean it’s actually very straightforward two things to remember context and credibility so we start first of all with credibility this is basically what was your source where are you getting this source from clearly if again your source of a meme or from Facebook something you are really wasting your time what we’re normally looking for is journal papers and the reason we look for journal papers is that those are written with a sole intention of exploring and developing new knowledge so journal typically looks a little bit like this although of course you’ll now use an electronic version of it effectively if you are accessing a journal online it’s the equivalent to access the paper one you can spot them a mile off because they tend to be quite plain quite boring although incredibly interesting if that’s what you’re into and of course it’s just a collection of articles written usually by people who were working in universities or equivalent and people who are just trying to push the boundaries of knowledge so what you’re looking at is relatively up-to-date it is challenging questioning in its own right often written in a critical style and effectively it is new knowledge that’s been developed okay so it’s pushing boundaries so that’s the kind of boss one if you like next to that we have our general textbook and of course the general textbook is really just like a self-help guide it’s a hand to set of instructions so it’s only got a final you have a degree you should have moved beyond that sort of general textbook that’s the kind of a recipe book if you like so it’s brilliant for learning but not necessarily for critical fort this is telling you how to dissect things if you like but not a how to think critically so first of all credibility the source main form make sure it’s from a journal ideally or from a textbook that’s pushing the boundaries do some research on the author if you get a chance to just to see what other papers they publish in this field to see that they are someone renowned and pushing in that sort of area and again like I said it doesn’t matter if it’s online providing its recognized Jennifer you can look at Journal rankings online if you’re really interested and it can show you the way in which there’s a rent and they’re ranked by how often their side of our people so once we get out of the way and nobody hopefully is using a tabloid newspaper or I mean the next thing is to think about context the context in which the paper was written you see for example I can tell you that I love pizza I love my partner and I love our children and you understand that those three different loves means something completely different each time that’s because it’s context so the same sort of thing applies with a journal paper a journal paper written in the context of looking say at American industry is based around the American cultural context that may limit it when you’re applying into sir perhaps industrial context in in southern Europe for example so have a think about the the context in which the paper was written maybe its geographic location maybe think about the types of people under study or whatever under consideration it doesn’t matter about the field there will still be a context related to it perhaps if you’re doing the sports field its elite athletes as opposed amateur athletes perhaps if you’re looking at in a sociological perspective it’s referring to one social group as opposed to another or one geographic location as to books whatever this doesn’t that invalidate the paper but what it does mean is that the paper may be context specific so that’s something to explore in your writing so as you use the theories from this paper that would be a sort of you know however or it has to be considered or it has to be borne in mind that this author of this paper was referring to a specific context so we can examine things in that way see what we’re trying to do on the finally over degree and beyond of course is move ourselves from a kind of a description if you like to a critical understanding is if you like it’s moving from knowing when Marx was born to knowing what Marx’s furious we’ve been able to apply Marxist fearing to the rise of Donald Trump or knowing what Porter’s five forces are all being able to explain the analysis of Porter’s five forces to being able to examining a specific changer so that the growth of facebook related to Porter’s five forces but of course being able to critically examine why Porter’s five forces may not be appropriate for application towards a company with the sort of novel features that Facebook have so it’s not a matter of disrespecting anybody it’s not a matter of being cynical and certainly not a matter of trying to find holes if you like rather it’s just a matter of examining context and trying to understand that the theory that you’re using was written at a specific time for specific purpose perhaps we were specific group of people in mind and that might not always apply so we are not correcting the past if you like but we are accepting the past and accepting the context in which that past found itself and then not allowing that to cloud our judgment as to current situations so two things think about the the credibility of the source and the context was if you started off of your critical analysis you won’t go far wrong and you are looking as I said not to repeat somebody else’s views but actually to find your own way in this and to examine and explore those contradictions that come up and those contexts specific points and let that develop in your piece of writing and that will lead you to write some wonderful critical essays

READING MY COMMON APP ESSAY THAT GOT ME INTO YALE!!!

[Music] what’s up guys it’s Josh and we’re back again today with the most requested video on my channel so far I’ve gotten a lot of comments Indians but today is the day that I actually read out my comment at that day that got me accepted into Yale before we start I want to mention that this is the seventh day in my daily video challenge which means that I put out a video every single day this week which is awesome and I hope there’s many more to come feel free to check out some of the other videos I put out actually a lot of them are actually on college essay writing so that those might be helpful to you and don’t forget to hit that red subscribe button if you want to see more from me in the future I want you guys to keep in mind that this essay was written a year ago so it isn’t exactly as good as I remember but I guess that’s okay and also remember that the common app essay isn’t the only factor in your application a lot of things come together to ultimately determine if you get internet so here’s a little intro to the essay for you guys it’s actually about one of my biggest failures and also about one of the closest friendships I’ve ever had so out of respect with a friend that I do mention in the essay for today’s purpose his name is going to be Theodore and he will be from Kazakhstan woo I have very nice so here we go it’s a hot Texas Sun beat down upon my neck a fast ball whizzed past my bat and into the catcher’s mitt after you had another strikeout I trudged back to the dugout thoughts of failure filled my mind of my confidence slowly waiting I wasn’t accustomed to anything less than success before high school I prospered in youth athletics while living in South Dakota I had a phenomenal baseball coach to transform my robbed potential into success on the baseball diamond unfortunately my father’s Air Force career demanded that we move before my baseball season without me my team went on to win the city state championships advancing all the way to the Little League World when I was younger my family moved to not affect my athletic performance the difficulties began I was torn from my tight-knit community in Northern Virginia and forced to adjust to life in West Texas prior to the start of my freshman year I struggled to regain the close friends and relationships I left behind for the first time in my life I felt completely alone and high school baseball was my opportunity to establish myself among my new peers confident from my previous experiences I arrived at my new high school’s baseball tryouts looking forward to success unbeknownst to me I was hopeful too I’m prepared compared to the skills of the 60 dedicated Texas athletes enjoy his trials progressed by abri Henschel group responds to my lackluster performance eventually I was covered my chances of playing baseball again more importantly being able to make a friend my distant new home then I’m at butyl a couple of weeks after trials about studied by myself during lunch to avoid the judgmental eyes my new classmate ID lands across the cafeteria see another lone student also varies its course work with an unfamiliar birth of social confidence I introduced myself to Theodore was a Kazakhstan II refugee I empathize with his struggle as a new student soon realizing how similar we were Theodore struggled for stability and opportunity in his new home while I sought structure and friendship in the wake of my own migrant lifestyle I learned that Theodore was asked to play for the varsity soccer team as a freshman something rarely even asked of sophomores his father had refused him the opportunity the leaving has done had more important commitments to his family in schoolwork despite Theodore’s diligent work ethic he was denied the Liberty to experience his passion while I couldn’t even work hard enough to realize mine this friendship inspired me to work harder and recognize opportunity while I helped him dream bigger as he integrated into American society I refocused my efforts on my athletic training tirelessly improving my pitching mechanics similarly began to set new goals in the classroom as well achieving more than I ever thought possible my dedication and resilience resulted in my selection the baseball team’s primary pitcher the next year while my guidance at Theodore eventually led his father to reconsider it son soccer participation Theodore dominated varsity soccer team the next year as a striker Theodore helped me focus my goals while I helped him expand his horizons to the realm of his own although coming from different sides of the globe we had much in common we were both persistent students with our own unique obstacles and together we overcame even though I’ve moved away from Theodore in West Texas I still talk to him often I’m no longer content with mere success but always setting new goals to build upon my past achieve success truly is more fulfilling in temper the diverse I hope you guys enjoyed the essay it’s really cool to look back upon my past self and see how it was writing and what I was thinking just a quick disclaimer this essay is published on a couple places on the internet and a common app also has a copy of it so if you were thinking about plagiarizing it I would do that you guys probably aren’t the type of people to do that but I just wanted to say that as a precaution thanks for making it through the video and allowing me to share my day with you guys I really enjoyed this video took a lot of time to make so even if you remotely enjoyed it head down below and hit that like button while you’re down there might as well subscribe to I mean you’re already down there right doing that will allow me to keep putting out more great content for you guys in the future keep doing this everyday thing I really like it comment down below what you thought and what I should do next I love reading through the comments and seeing all you guys as always I’ll be back tomorrow do you see you

Itachi Uchiha: The Cautionary Tale Of A Child Soldier. (Analysis/Video Essay)

you taught you Qi huh the Seon of the you Jia clan the outcast you thought she lived his life in exile banished from the hidden leaf and on the run after murdering his family but why why do you touch he really do this beyond power beyond Danzo and the Third Hokage why do you touch his past experience lead to this what is the cautionary tale that we were to glean from his death people often treat what he did is a moment of inner strength and wisdom killing his clan to save his village from them because he had no choice but people forget that he was 13 when he did this I think his choice to kill his clan wasn’t wisdom or even the only option he was a 13 year old with unmanaged PTSD who was manipulated and used and lied to made to think that he had to kill his clan Itachi story is a cautionary tale though the pressure adults put on children to rise and be great the way that they wish for them to be and the pressure on the gifted for you to be more than one adults around them are the pressure he taught his dad put on him to be a spy for his clan against the village and the pressure the village put on him to be a double agent had a serious mental toll on him he talked he lived his life torn between his loyalty to the village and the hundreds of thousands who would die for salmon revolted and the family who was relying on him as their future leader to help them revolt and takeover in order to free themselves from a government that was heavily oppressive toward them there was no clear example of who was right and who was wrong and his Hachi was 13 but his friend and cousin shisui gave him a third option use his cousin’s power to control the minds of the village leader and his family and forced him to agree on peace it was betray one the other or both but in that choice was stolen from him when his cousin was attacked and had one of his eyes the basis of his power ripped out by one of the village leaders Danzo so he went to Itachi and placed the power and responsibility of protecting this power and everyone else onto him so now he thought she was trying to raise his little brother and show him love because their father was too busy to do it himself be the leader of an elite black ops assassination squad for the village a spy for his family and the double agent for the Hokage and prove he didn’t murder his cousin and try to find a way to face his family’s mess and in the time leading up to him killing his clan it’s obvious there are moments where he thought she loses his cool than attacks people who antagonize him disobeying his father without his usual care attacking family members and threatening village leaders Itachi grew up during Wars forced to kill in an immune ninja he tried to save at seven years old and the trauma of seeing so many dead and killing on the battlefield was starting to shell more than before the emotional healing his little brother had given him then his friends had given him we’re starting to come undone and then Danzo showed up Danzo one of the village leaders the one who killed Itachi’s cousin tells you taught you that if he doesn’t make a choice soon the village will kill his entire clan including his brother at this point he talked he loves three people his brother his mother and his lover so we talked to you makes a choice before anyone else does with help from the man named Maura you talk to you supposed the dead grandfather who he taught you watching murder his childhood friends on his first mission as a child Itachi kills his entire clan personally killing the girl he loves his father confronts him revealing that he has the same secret powers Itachi refuses to fight him this is the path Itachi chose and his father forces him to follow it it’s even hinted at that his father hypnotized his mother so that she couldn’t escape when he talked he entered to kill them sobbing as his father tells him he loves him and that he’s a good person Itachi kills his parents with his own sword and upon leaving guess who sees his little brother home late from school that night walking in the room as Itachi kills their parents Itachi knows he can’t tell the truth so he lies to his seven-year-old brother tells them that he killed their clan because he simply wanted to as a test for his new powers Itachi a 13 year old who has been suicidal since he was eight knows that he can’t kill himself Danza would kill his brother if he did their village would suffer since no one could stop him he talks he wants to die but he has to protect the village and his brother so he places the delusion his brother’s head making him watch Itachi killed their family over and over again he talked he leaves and talks to Danzo and the Hokage the leader of the village and warns them if any harm comes to Sasuke the village will suffer Itachi leaves the village and nine years later dies during the fight with his brother his untreated diseases and his brothers attacks being too much for him to handle Itachi dies depressed in near constant chronic pain and nearly blind still protecting his village and his brother from threats they weren’t even aware of [Music] hey thanks for watching this video if you enjoyed it make sure you like and subscribe and ring that stupid little Bell so that you know when I upload I do my best to upload every three or so days so be on the lookout and make sure you follow my social media pages my tumblr Twitter and Instagram are all I’m writing Pantheon and if you follow there you can participate in all the polls and stuff that decide what videos end up on this channel in the meantime you can click the links in the top right hand corner and see some of the other videos that I have going on have an awesome day guys stuff out

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